1. Energy dependence 2. High initial investment cost 3. Membrane fouling and corrosion 4. The water production cost of solar desalination systems may be higher 5. Solar desalination plant may have certain impact on local water resources

There are various methods to desalinate borehole water, mainly including physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment. Physical treatment includes technologies such as filtration, sedimentation and membrane separation, chemical treatment uses chemicals to remove impurities from water, and biological treatment purifies water through the action of microorganisms.

Sea water desalination may be the key to avoiding global water shortages, but it will take time. Clean fresh water is vital to sustaining human life. However, seawater desalination plants also bring environmental pollution problems. The seawater desalination process produces waste and toxic chemicals that are harmful to wildlife and the earth.

Most cruise ship water is desalinated seawater. The process typically involves steam evaporation—essentially converting salt water into distilled water. The water is then mineralized for added flavor and chlorinated for improved safety. Other ships are equipped with reverse osmosis systems for filtration and/or desalination.

The cost of seawater desalination ranges between $5 and $10 per 1,000 gallons. This means that the cost per gallon of seawater desalination is approximately $0.005 to $0.01.

5 seawater desalination company stocks worth investing in 1. Ecolab (NYSE: ECL) 2. Consolidated Water Co. Ltd. (NASDAQ: CWCO) 3. American Water Works Company Inc. (NYSE: AWK) 4. General Electric Company (NYSE: GE) 5. Veolia Environment (OTC: VEOVY)

In large municipal seawater desalination plants, the cost of desalinating one cubic meter of water is typically around $0.50 - $1.00. The cost per liter of water is approximately US$0.0005 - US$0.001.

With much of the world facing freshwater shortages, one of the biggest benefits of seawater desalination technology is providing a reliable source of freshwater.

Saudi Arabia - Saudi Arabia's Ras Al Khair desalination plant uses RO technology and produces 1,036,000 cubic meters of seawater per day, which would make it the largest desalination plant.

Most forms of brackish water desalination are energy intensive. Without the use of renewable energy to produce fresh water, bracketish water desalination could increase reliance on fossil fuels, increase greenhouse gas emissions, and exacerbate climate change. Brackish water desalination Surface water intakes pose a huge threat to marine life.